以油莎豆为原料，对采用Osborne法提取得到的4种蛋白进行了理化特性与降血糖活性研究。实验结果表明：油莎豆蛋白中谷蛋白、清蛋白、球蛋白和醇溶蛋白分别占39.75%,26.98%,8.10%和4.57%。其中谷蛋白具有较好的物理稳定性，持水性为1.82 g/g,持油性为15.33 g/g,乳化性为8.739 m2/g,起泡性为12.5%。体外降血糖活性实验表明：谷蛋白对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性最好，IC50为2.79 mg/mL。斑马鱼降血糖模型也表明谷蛋白具有较强的体内降血糖活性。研究结果表明油莎豆谷蛋白具有开发成为降血糖功能食品的潜力。

For the distributed photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected security assessment, the assessment index system including equipment and system security is designed, and a comprehensive assessment method based on the hierarchical analysis process (AHP) and the technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) is proposed. Firstly, taking into account the characteristics of grid security assessment and the applicability of indicators, the assessment indicator system is constructed from the target layer, criterion layer and indicator layer; secondly, the weights of each indicator are determined by the AHP method; thirdly, the comprehensive evaluation index is calculated and sorted by TOPSIS; and finally, the comprehensive assessment method of security of distributed PV access to the distribution network is determined. The proposed method is validated by taking the actual distribution network of a county in east China as an example. The experimental results show that distributed PV access to the distribution network optimises the performance of low voltage risk and comprehensive line loss rate as well as voltage deviation. While the power reversal risk, overvoltage risk, and effective coverage of PV inverter protection devices decreased relative to the pre-access performance. In a comprehensive comparison, distributed PV grid connection improves distribution network security.

The lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton robot system has been widely used in the fields of healthcare and disability rehabilitation due to its ability to provide intelligent rehabilitation methods for patients. Faced with the rapid development of the current robotics industry and shortcomings in classical control strategies, controllers combining various intelligent strategies have become the mainstream solution. However, intelligent strategies such as neural networks, model predictive control, and iterative control are difficult to put into practical application under the current hardware conditions of the system. Compared with the above methods, sliding mode control can not only achieve better control accuracy, but also has higher application feasibility. Based on this, an adaptive recursive terminal sliding mode control method is designed for trajectory tracking control of lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton robots. Firstly, a mechanism dynamics model is established for the lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton robot based on the Lagrangian modeling method. Then, a recursive terminal sliding mode surface is constructed for the dynamic model, and an adaptive sliding mode controller is designed. The stability of the proposed algorithm is proved in the sense of Lyapunov. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are verified through comparative experiments with non-singular terminal sliding mode on the lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton robot experimental platform.

Edible mushrooms are a rich resource of protein. This study aimed to optimize the formulation of 3D-printed plant-based meat by incorporating various polysaccharide additives with Pleurotus eryngii protein to improve issues such as filament breakage, uneven extrusion, and poor stability during the printing process. Polysaccharide additives, such as carrageenan, high-ester pectin, sodium alginate and xanthan gum, were added to Pleurotus eryngii protein. The effects of different 3D printing formulations on apparent viscosity, elastic modulus, and texture properties were systematically evaluated to determine the optimal polysaccharide proportion. The results showed that the elasticity, viscosity, and hardness of printing inks increased with higher polysaccharides concentrations, though their effects on the stability of printed products varied. Finally, the optimal formulation for 3D printing consisted of 2.4% carrageenan, 37.7% water, 18.9% Pleurotus eryngii protein, 33.0% soybean protein, and 8.0% soluble starch, which yielded the best performance. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the development and application of edible fungus protein-based 3D-printed food inks.

For the challenges of time and cost optimization in the construction process of large-scale steel structures, this study focuses on the optimization of project duration and cost by using an improved NSGA-Ⅱ genetic algorithm in conjunction with building information modeling (BIM) technology. A cost optimization workflow for the construction of large-scale steel structures is established and validated through practical examples. The results demonstrate a reduction of approximately 5.9% in project duration and approximately 7.2% in construction cost. This approach not only enhances the project management efficiency but also saves construction time and reduces the project cost.

How to effectively analyze stock-related text data and provide stock recommendations to investors is one of the important research directions in the field of intelligent investment advisors. Most of the existing methods that rely on text analysis such as research reports to make stock recommendations only focus on the impact of the text as a whole on the stock and neglects the fact that there may be multiple events in the text. Multiple events interact with each other and may have a more complex impact on the stock, which cannot be taken into account by using only the text as a whole. To address this problem, a stock recommendation method based on event extraction is proposed. Not only the different events appeared in the text are taken into account, but also the temporal relationship between the events are considered. First, the stock text data is obtained and the events are extracted through the cloud-based large model. Second, the temporal relationships between events are determined pairwise through the local large model and form an event-time triplet. Finally, the stock text and the event-time triplet collection are spliced together to classify and predict the rise and fall of stocks. The hierarchical backtesting is performed based on the factors constructed by the classification probability. The experimental results prove that the method can not only extract the event information in the stock text, but also determine the temporal relationship between events. At the same time, the method can improve the gain of hierarchical backtesting, which contributes to more accurate recommendation of stocks. Compared with the traditional approach, the total simulated gain is improved by 0.0323.

In the rapid development of the online live streaming industry, copyright infringement incidents have occurred frequently. The multiple identities and profit purposes of live streaming platforms have put them in a regulatory dilemma. Analyzing the governance issues of copyright infringement on live streaming platforms from the perspective of evolutionary game theory has certain theoretical value and practical significance for promoting the healthy development of the live streaming industry. Based on copyright infringement of live streaming platforms, an evolutionary game model is constructed between live streaming platforms and streamers. The evolutionary stable strategy is obtained using the replication dynamic equation and Jacobian matrix, and the influence of different parameters on the game strategy is explored using MATLAB. The simulation results show that regulatory costs and reputation losses are important factors affecting the strategy selection of live streaming platforms. Copyright fees and reward sharing are important factors that affect the choice of streamers’ strategies; The increase in government punishment and the probability of copyright owners protecting their rights can effectively accelerate the evolution speed of game strategies.

Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are an emerging class of organic pollutants characterized by persistence, bioaccumulation and biomagnification. These compounds have been widely detected in various environmental media, including soil, sediment, water and air. However, the sources of PHCZs remain unclear. The printing and dyeing industry is suspected to be one of the significant contributors to PHCZ emissions. In this study, a typical printing and dyeing industrial park in China was selected as the research site to investigate the pollution levels of PHCZs and related compounds, including carbazole and benzocarbazole, in environmental samples. The results showed that the target compounds were present at relatively high concentrations, suggesting that their environmental residues may be associated with the activities of the printing and dyeing industry in this area. Although the toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) of the target compounds was below the safety threshold, potential risks related to bioaccumulation and long-term exposure still warrant attention.

The electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) for the production of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) was investigated in this study. Ni₃S₂/NF was synthesized via a simple one-step hydrothermal method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Electrochemical tests conducted using linear scanning voltammetry demonstrated that the hydrothermally prepared electrode exhibited a uniform surface and excellent performance,even after scale-up. Single-factor experiments revealed that the electrolytic performance was influenced by operational parameters such as reaction temperature and electrolyte flow rate.Under optimized conditions (35 °C reaction temperature, 150 L/h electrolyte flow rate, and a constant current of 4. 5 A), both the current efficiency and the conversion rate of FDCA reached 86. 50% and 99. 58%, respectively. The FDCA yield reached 93. 60%.

Micro/nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) can be absorbed and accumulated by plants, but their impact on plant toxicity, oxidative stress, and nutritional quality remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of polystyrene (PS) particles and polystyrene particles containing phthalic acid esters (PAEs) (PS-PAEs particles) on cell viability, oxidative stress, and nutritional quality in lettuce cells. The results showed that exposure to PS and PS-PAEs particles reduced cell viability by 6.50% and 21.22%, respectively. The mass fractions of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde in the cells increased by 68.60% and 66.74%, and 34.29% and 67.07%, respectively. Meanwhile, the activities of catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase decreased by 9.60% and 12.52%, 23.36% and 31.37%, and 31.67% and 30.17%, respectively, indicating that the particles caused oxidative damage and inhibited enzyme activities in lettuce cells. Consequently, the mass fractions of vitamin C, soluble sugar, and soluble protein in the cells decreased by 6.88% and 29.37%, 14.51% and 22.60%, and 33.39% and 47.74%, respectively. Compared to PS particles, PS-PAEs particles exhibited greater toxicity to lettuce cells, likely due to the additional damage caused by PAEs released from the PS-PAEs particles. The study suggests that MPs/NPs pose potential risks to plants by inducing oxidative stress, impairing cell viability, and reducing nutritional quality.

A comprehensive evaluation method based on an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and an entropy method is proposed to overcome certain limitations of the traditional mechanical index-based evaluation method for the cracking resistance performance of face slab concrete. Through a mechanical properties test and a temperature-stress test of face slab concrete added with different admixtures, the mechanical properties and cracking resistance indexes of face slab concrete are obtained, and the traditional mechanical index-based evaluation method is compared with the comprehensive evaluation method based on the AHP and the entropy method. The results show that magnesium oxide expansion agent and carbon nanotubes can improve the cracking resistance performance of concrete, and the improvement effect of magnesium oxide expansion agent is more significant. The comprehensive evaluation method for the cracking resistance performance of concrete is more reasonable and reliable than the traditional mechanical index-based evaluation method considering a single index.

The parameters of a soft soil creep constitutive model significantly affect the settlements of a soft soil embankment. However, due to the limited budget of site characterization, it is challenging to obtain reliable parameters of the soft soil creep model. In view of this, a settlement prediction method of soft soil embankments combining survey with monitoring data is proposed, leading to the reasonable updates of the constitutive parameters and the enhanced accuracy of embankment settlement predictions. The settlement of a multi-layer soil embankment is simulated using a finite element method. Firstly, a random forest is employed to construct a surrogate model, which serves as a computational forward model in Bayesian updating to achieve higher computational efficiency than the original finite element model. The Sobol global sensitivity analysis method is then used to screen out the highly sensitive constitutive parameters, and the probability density functions of key soil parameters are constantly updated with multi-source data to obtain reliable long-term settlement predictions of the embankment. Finally, a highway in Taizhou, Zhejiang is taken as an example to demonstrate the validity of this method. Results show that the random forest-based surrogate model successfully captures the mapping relationship between soil parameters and settlement values. The posterior coefficients of variation of the highly sensitive soil parameters are generally reduced as more monitoring data are assimilated. After integrating multi-stage and multi-point monitoring data, the error between the predicted and measured values of embankment settlement gradually decreases.

曳引钢带电梯具有高舒适、低功耗和节能环保的优势，其应用场景越来越广泛。钢带在断丝、断裂等极限条件下的工作状态对其安全运行有着至关重要的影响，然而现有研究缺少合理有效的曳引钢带分析模型。针对曳引钢带电梯精细化性能分析以及细化数值模拟仿真模型建立的需求，以破断强度为43 kN的曳引钢带为研究对象，对其在受载拉伸状态下进行受力分析，建立曳引钢带的物理模型，通过微机控制电子万能试验机对钢带内钢丝绳进行拉伸试验，测量出数值模拟中所需的材料属性，以此作为曳引钢带在ANSYS数值模拟中的属性参数设定依据，得到曳引钢带数值模拟模型。基于此，对钢丝绳进行细化建模并进行数值模拟试验，得到了仿真条件下的钢带包覆层与内部钢丝绳的应力分布。将数值模拟试验结果与实际拉伸试验结果进行比较，结果表明仿真结果与实测结果相对误差为0.84%,验证了曳引钢带模型的准确性。

In order to improve the corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity of mild steel bipolar plate, a NiP/CrMoN composite coating was prepared using electroless nickel plating and closed non-equilibrium magnetron sputtering. The phase composition, surface morphology and elemental composition of the composite coating were characterized by XRD and SEM, and its corrosion resistance of the composite coating was evaluated using an electrochemical workstation. The results show that the NiP/CrMoN composite coating provides enhanced protection: the self-corrosion potential shifts forward by 0.4 V, and the corrosion current density decreases by two orders of magnitude, reaching 3.41×10⁻⁶ A/cm² under constant potential cycle. During start-stop cycle, the peak current density is reduced to 2.43×10⁻⁵ A/cm², and the surface contact resistance is lowered to 3.29 mΩ·cm². These findings indicate that the NiP/CrMoN composite coating offers superior corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity, providing improved protection for mild steel bipolar plate.

To investigate the impact of initial static deviatoric stress on the cyclic characteristics of sandy soils, a series of cyclic triaxial tests were conducted to compare the cyclic responses of pure and silty sand under various initial stress conditions. The test results indicate that the relative density Dr can be used as a characterization parameter for the liquefaction resistance of sand, which remains unchanged in the subsequent comparison tests. A further analysis of the experiment demonstrates that the presence of compressive static deviatoric stress is beneficial for dynamic resistance, irrespective of silty or pure sand, and the variations of strength under tensile static stress for pure sand are consistent with those of the compression side. In contrast, for silty sand specimens, the tensile static stress has a dual effect on the dynamic strength. The dynamic strength first decreases and then increases with increasing SSR and reaches the minimum value at SSR=-0.2. Compared with pure sand, the silty sand commonly exhibits a stronger resistance to liquefaction.

cement hydration|organic phosphonic acid|retarding action|complexation

The effects and mechanisms of single addition of recycled powders from aerated concrete and sintered brick and fly ash on the fluidity and rheological properties of cement paste were studied and compared. The results of the study indicated that all the three powders show a certain thickening effect on cement paste. Among them, fly ash exhibits the poorest thickening effect, whereas recycled powder from aerated concrete has the most significant effect. When the replacement of recycled powder from aerated concrete is 10%, the thickening effect is nearly equivalent to that of 40% recycled powder from sintered brick. The rheological curves indicated that the shear stress and apparent viscosity of the pastes increase with increasing the replacement of powder. The rheological behavior of the pastes added with fly ash and recycled powders can fit the Herschel-Bulkley rheological model. The results showed that the paste added with recycled aerated concrete powder showed a higher yield stress, larger consistency coefficients and a smaller rheological index at a higher dosage, indicating that the incorporation of aerated concrete powder can improve the anti-sagging performance of fresh cement-based materials.